Build Hybrid Electric Vehicle Multimode Model

The hybrid electric vehicle reference application represents a full multimode hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) model with an internal combustion engine, transmission, battery, motor, generator, and associated powertrain control algorithms. Use the reference application for powertrain matching analysis and component selection, control and diagnostic algorithm design, and hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) testing. To create and open a working copy of the hybrid electric vehicle reference application project, enter

autoblkHevStart

By default, the HEV multimode reference application is configured with:

Lithium-ion battery pack
Mapped motor and generator
Mapped spark-ignition (SI) engine

This diagram shows the powertrain configuration.

Note

The Virtual Vehicle Composer configures the reference application. If you want to the change the configuration, use the Virtual Vehicle Composer to specify a different powertrain and vehicle.

This table describes the blocks and subsystems in the reference application.

Reference Application Element	Description
Analyze Power and Energy	Double-click Analyze Power and Energy to open a live script. Run the script to evaluate and report power and energy consumption at the component- and system-level. For more information about the live script, see Analyze Power and Energy.
Scenarios	Implements the Drive Cycle Source block to generate a FTP75 (2474 seconds) drive cycle.
Environment	Creates environment variables, including road grade, wind velocity, and ambient temperature and pressure.
Driver Commands	Implements the Longitudinal Driver to generate normalized acceleration and braking commands.
Controllers	Implements a powertrain control unit containing a hybrid vehicle control unit (VCU) and an engine control unit (ECU).
Vehicle	Implements a hybrid passenger car that contains drivetrain, electric plant, and engine subsystems.
Visualization	Displays vehicle-level performance, battery state of charge (SOC), fuel economy, and emission results that are useful for powertrain matching and component selection analysis.

Evaluate and Report Power and Energy

Double-click Analyze Power and Energy to open a live script. Run the script to evaluate and report power and energy consumption at the component- and system-level. For more information about the live script, see Analyze Power and Energy.

The script provides:

An overall energy summary that you can export to an Excel^® spreadsheet.
Engine plant, electric plant, and drivetrain plant efficiencies, including an engine histogram of time spent at the different engine plant efficiencies.
Data logging so that you can use the Simulation Data Inspector to analyze the powertrain efficiency and energy transfer signals.

Controllers

The Controller subsystem implements the hybrid vehicle control unit (VCU), engine control unit (ECU), transmission control unit (TCU), and open loop braking control.

The hybrid VCU implements a dynamic embedded controller that directly determines the engine operating point that minimizes brake-specific fuel consumption (BSFC) while meeting or exceeding power required by the battery charging and vehicle propulsion subsystems.

To calculate the optimal engine operating point in speed and torque, the controller starts with a candidate set of discrete engine power levels. For each power level candidate, the block has a parameterized vector of torque and speed operating points that minimize BSFC.

The optimizer then removes power level candidates that are unacceptable for either of these reasons:

Too much power sent through the generator to the battery.
Too little power to meet charging and propulsion subsystem requirements.

Of the remaining power level candidates, the controller selects the one with the lowest BSFC. The controller then sends the associated torque / speed operating point command to the engine.

Vehicle

The Virtual Vehicle Composer configures the reference application vehicle subsystem. If you want to the change the configuration, use the Virtual Vehicle Composer to specify a different powertrain and vehicle.

The hybrid vehicle has the characteristics provided in this table.

Element	Description
Dual clutch transmission (DCT)	Implements the Ideal Fixed Gear Transmission block to configure an ideal fixed gear transmission without clutch or synchronization.
Wheels and Brakes	Implements the Longitudinal Wheel block with disc brakes to configure drivetrain for front wheel drive.
Vehicle Body	Implements the Vehicle Body 3DOF Longitudinal block to configure vehicle for 3 degrees-of-freedom.
Engine	Implements the Mapped SI Engine block.
Battery and DC-DC Converter	Implements the Datasheet Battery block to configure a lithium-ion battery pack.
Motors	Implements the Mapped Motor blocks with implicit controllers.

References

[1] Higuchi, N., Shimada, H., Sunaga, Y., and Tanaka, M., Development of a New Two-Motor Plug-In Hybrid System. SAE Technical Paper 2013-01-1476. Warrendale, PA: SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains, 2013.