Scattering MIMO Channel

Scattering MIMO propagation channel

• Library:

• Phased Array System Toolbox / Environment and Target

• 

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Description

The Scattering MIMO Channel models a 3-D multipath propagation channel in which radiated signals from a transmitting array are reflected from multiple scatters back towards a receiving array. In this channel, propagation paths are direct paths (line-of-sight) from point to point. The block models range-dependent time delay, gain, Doppler shift, phase change, and atmospheric loss due to gases, rain, fog, and clouds. You can optionally propagate a signal via a direct path from transmitter to receiver.

The attenuation models for atmospheric gases and rain are valid for electromagnetic signals in the frequency range 1–1000 GHz but the attenuation model for fog and clouds is valid for only 10–1000 GHz. Outside these frequency ranges, the object uses the nearest valid value.

Ports

Input

X — Transmitted narrowband signal

M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix

The transmitted narrowband signal, specified as an M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix. The quantity M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_t is the number of transmitting array elements. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding array element.

Example: [1,1;j,1;0.5,0]

The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can vary to simulate a changing signal length. A size change can occur, for example, in the case of a pulse waveform with variable pulse repetition frequency.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to None or Combined.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

XH — Transmitted narrowband H-polarization signal

M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix

Transmitted narrowband H-polarization signal, specified as an M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix. The quantity M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_t is the number of transmitting array elements. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding array element.

The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can vary to simulate a changing signal length. A size change can occur, for example, in the case of a pulse waveform with variable pulse repetition frequency.

Example: [1,1;j,1;0.5,0]

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

XV — Transmitted narrowband V-polarization signal

M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix

Transmitted narrowband V-polarization signal, specified as an M-by-N_t complex-valued matrix. The quantity M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_t is the number of transmitting array elements. Each column represents the signal transmitted by the corresponding array element.

The size of the first dimension of the input matrix can vary to simulate a changing signal length. A size change can occur, for example, in the case of a pulse waveform with variable pulse repetition frequency.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

TxPos — Position of transmitting antenna array

3-by-1 real-valued column vector

Position of transmitting antenna array, specified as a 3-by-1 real-valued column vector taking the form [x;y;z]. The vector elements correspond to the x, y, and z positions of the array. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

TxVel — Velocity of transmitting antenna array

3-by-1 real-valued column vector

Velocity of transmitting antenna array, specified as a 3-by-1 real-valued column vector taking the form [vx;vy;vz]. The vector elements correspond to the x, y, and z velocities of the array. Units are in meters per second.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

TxAxes — Axes orientation of transmitting antenna array

3-by-3 real orthonormal matrix

Axes orientation of transmitting antenna array, specified as a 3-by-3 real orthonormal matrix. The matrix defines the orientation of the array local coordinate system with respect to the global coordinates. Matrix columns correspond to the directions of the x, y, and z axes of the local coordinate system. Units are dimensionless.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

RxPos — Position of receiving antenna array

3-by-1 real-valued column vector

Position of receiving antenna array, specified as a 3-by-1 real-valued column vector taking the form [x;y;z]. The vector elements correspond to the x, y, and z positions of the array. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

RxVel — Velocity of receiving antenna array

3-by-1 real-valued column vector

Velocity of receiving antenna array, specified as a 3-by-1 real-valued column vector taking the form [vx;vy;vz]. The vector elements correspond to the x, y, and z velocities of the array. Units are in meters per second.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

RxAxes — Axes orientation of receiving antenna array

3-by-3 real orthonormal matrix

Axes orientation of receiving antenna array, specified as a 3-by-3 real orthonormal matrix. The matrix defines the orientation of the array local coordinate system with respect to the global coordinates. Matrix columns correspond to the directions of the x, y, and z axes of the local coordinate system. Units are dimensionless.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

ScatPos — Positions of scatterers

3-by-N_s real-valued matrix

Position of scatterers, specified as a 3-by-N_s real-valued matrix. Each column of the matrix takes the form [x;y;z], containing the x, y, and z positions of a scatterer. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

ScatVel — Velocities of scatterers

3-by-N_s real-valued matrix

Velocities of scatterers, specified as a 3-by-N_s real-valued matrix. Each matrix column has the form [vx;vy;vz], containing the x, y, and z velocities of a scatterer. Units are in meters per second.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double

ScatCoef — Scattering coefficients

1-by-N_s complex-valued row vector

Scattering coefficients, specified as a 1-by-N_s complex-valued row vector. Each vector element specifies the scattering coefficient of the corresponding scatterer. Units are dimensionless.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Input port.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

Output

Y — Received narrowband signal

M-by-N_r complex-valued matrix

Received narrowband signal, returned as an M-by-N_r complex-valued matrix. The quantity M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_r is the number of receiving array elements. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding array element.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to None or Combined.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

YH — Received narrowband H-polarization signal

complex-valued M-by-N_r matrix

Received narrowband H-polarization signal, returned as a complex-valued M-by-N_r matrix. M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_r is the number of receiving array elements. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding array element.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

YV — Received narrowband V-polarization signal

complex-valued M-by-N_r matrix

Received narrowband V-polarization signal, returned as a complex-valued M-by-N_r matrix. M is the number of samples in the signal, and N_r is the number of receiving array elements. Each column represents the signal received by the corresponding array element.

Dependencies

To enable this port, set the Polarization configuration parameter to Dual.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

CS — Channel response

N_t-by-N_r-by-N_s complex-valued MATLAB^® array

Channel response, returned as an N_t-by-N_r-by-N_s complex-valued MATLAB array. N_t is the number of transmitting array elements. N_r is the number of receiving array elements. N_s is the number of scatterers. Each page of the array corresponds to the channel response matrix for a specific scatterer.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Output channel response check box.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes

Tau — Path delays

1-by-N_s real-valued vector

Path delays, returned as a 1-by-N_s real-valued vector. N_s is the number of scatterers. Each element corresponds to the path time delay from the transmitting array phase center to the scatterer and then to the receiving array phase center.

Dependencies

To enable this port, select the Output channel response checkbox.

Data Types: double

Parameters

Main Tab

Propagation speed (m/s) — Signal propagation speed

physconst('LightSpeed') (default) | positive scalar

Signal propagation speed, specified as a real-valued positive scalar. The default value of the speed of light is the value returned by physconst('LightSpeed').

Data Types: double

Signal carrier frequency (Hz) — Signal carrier frequency

300e6 (default) | positive real-valued scalar

Signal carrier frequency, specified as a positive real-valued scalar. Units are in hertz.

Data Types: double

Polarization configuration — Polarization configuration

None (default) | Combined | Dual

Polarization configuration, specified as None, Combined, or Dual. When you set this parameter to None, the output field is considered a scalar field. When you set this parameter to None, the radiated fields are polarized and are interpreted as a single signal in the sensor's inherent polarization. When you set this parameter to Dual, the H and V polarization components of the radiated field are independent signals.

Data Types: char

Specify atmospheric parameters — Enable atmospheric attenuation model

off (default) | on

Select this parameter to enable to add signal attenuation caused by atmospheric gases, rain, fog, or clouds. When you select this parameter, the Temperature (degrees Celsius), Dry air pressure (Pa), Water vapour density (g/m^3), Liquid water density (g/m^3), and Rain rate (mm/hr) parameters appear in the dialog box.

Data Types: Boolean

Temperature (degrees Celsius) — Ambient temperature

15 (default) | real-valued scalar

Ambient temperature, specified as a real-valued scalar. Units are in degrees Celsius.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.

Data Types: double

Dry air pressure (Pa) — Atmospheric dry air pressure

101.325e3 (default) | positive real-valued scalar

Atmospheric dry air pressure, specified as a positive real-valued scalar. Units are in pascals (Pa). The default value of this parameter corresponds to one standard atmosphere.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.

Data Types: double

Water vapour density (g/m^3) — Atmospheric water vapor density

7.5 (default) | positive real-valued scalar

Atmospheric water vapor density, specified as a positive real-valued scalar. Units are in g/m³.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.

Data Types: datetime

Liquid water density (g/m^3) — Liquid water density

0.0 (default) | nonnegative real-valued scalar

Liquid water density of fog or clouds, specified as a nonnegative real-valued scalar. Units are in g/m³. Typical values for liquid water density are 0.05 for medium fog and 0.5 for thick fog.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.

Data Types: double

Rain rate (mm/hr) — Rainfall rate

0.0 (default) | non-negative real-valued scalar

Rainfall rate, specified as a nonnegative real-valued scalar. Units are in mm/hr.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, select the Specify atmospheric parameters checkbox.

Data Types: double

Inherit sample rate — Inherit sample rate from upstream blocks

on (default) | off

Select this parameter to inherit the sample rate from upstream blocks. Otherwise, specify the sample rate using the Sample rate (Hz) parameter.

Data Types: Boolean

Sample rate (Hz) — Sampling rate of signal

1e6 (default) | positive real-valued scalar

Specify the signal sampling rate as a positive scalar. Units are in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, clear the Inherit sample rate check box.

Data Types: double

Simulate direct path propagation — Enable propagation along direct path

off (default) | on

Select this check box to enable signal propagation along the line-of-sight direct path from the transmitting array to the receiving array with no scattering.

Data Types: Boolean

Maximum delay (s) — Maximum signal delay

10e-6 (default) | positive scalar

The maximum signal delay, specified as a positive scalar. Delays greater than this value are ignored.

Data Types: double

Output channel response — Enable output of channel response

off (default) | on

Select this checkbox to output the channel response and time delay via the output ports CS and Tau.

Data Types: Boolean

Simulate using — Block simulation method

Interpreted Execution (default) | Code Generation

Block simulation, specified as Interpreted Execution or Code Generation. If you want your block to use the MATLAB interpreter, choose Interpreted Execution. If you want your block to run as compiled code, choose Code Generation. Compiled code requires time to compile but usually runs faster.

Interpreted execution is useful when you are developing and tuning a model. The block runs the underlying System object™ in MATLAB. You can change and execute your model quickly. When you are satisfied with your results, you can then run the block using Code Generation. Long simulations run faster with generated code than in interpreted execution. You can run repeated executions without recompiling, but if you change any block parameters, then the block automatically recompiles before execution.

This table shows how the Simulate using parameter affects the overall simulation behavior.

When the Simulink^® model is in Accelerator mode, the block mode specified using Simulate using overrides the simulation mode.

Acceleration Modes

Block Simulation	Simulation Behavior
	Normal	Accelerator	Rapid Accelerator
Interpreted Execution	The block executes using the MATLAB interpreter.	The block executes using the MATLAB interpreter.	Creates a standalone executable from the model.
Code Generation	The block is compiled.	All blocks in the model are compiled.

For more information, see Choosing a Simulation Mode (Simulink).

Transmit and Receive Array Tabs

Specify sensor array as — Method to specify array

Array (no subarrays) (default) | MATLAB expression

Method to specify array, specified as Array (no subarrays) or MATLAB expression.

• Array (no subarrays) — use the block parameters to specify the array.

• MATLAB expression — create the array using a MATLAB expression.

Expression — MATLAB expression used to create an array

Phased Array System Toolbox™ array System object

MATLAB expression used to create an array, specified as a valid Phased Array System Toolbox array System object.

Example: phased.URA('Size',[5,3])

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Specify sensor array as to MATLAB expression.

Element Parameters

Element type — Array element types

Isotropic Antenna (default) | Cosine Antenna | Custom Antenna | Omni Microphone | Custom Microphone

Antenna or microphone type, specified as one of the following:

• Isotropic Antenna

• Cosine Antenna

• Custom Antenna

• Omni Microphone

• Custom Microphone

Operating frequency range (Hz) — Operating frequency range of the antenna or microphone element

[0,1.0e20] (default) | real-valued 1-by-2 row vector

Specify the operating frequency range of the antenna or microphone element as a 1-by-2 row vector in the form [LowerBound,UpperBound]. The element has no response outside this frequency range. Frequency units are in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Isotropic Antenna, Cosine Antenna, or Omni Microphone.

Operating frequency vector (Hz) — Operating frequency range of custom antenna or microphone elements

[0,1.0e20] (default) | real-valued row vector

Specify the frequencies at which to set antenna and microphone frequency responses as a 1-by-L row vector of increasing real values. The antenna or microphone element has no response outside the frequency range specified by the minimum and maximum elements of this vector. Frequency units are in Hz.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna or Custom Microphone. Use Frequency responses (dB) to set the responses at these frequencies.

Baffle the back of the element — Set back response of an Isotropic Antenna element or an Omni Microphone element to zero

off (default) | on

Select this check box to baffle the back response of the element. When back baffled, the responses at all azimuth angles beyond ±90° from broadside are set to zero. The broadside direction is defined as 0° azimuth angle and 0° elevation angle.

Dependencies

To enable this check box, set Element type to Isotropic Antenna or Omni Microphone.

Exponent of cosine pattern — Exponents of azimuth and elevation cosine patterns

[1.5 1.5] (default) | nonnegative scalar | real-valued 1-by-2 matrix of nonnegative values

Specify the exponents of the cosine pattern as a nonnegative scalar or a real-valued 1-by-2 matrix of nonnegative values. When Exponent of cosine pattern is a 1-by-2 vector, the first element is the exponent in the azimuth direction and the second element is the exponent in the elevation direction. When you set this parameter to a scalar, both the azimuth direction and elevation direction cosine patterns are raised to the same power.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Cosine Antenna.

Frequency responses (dB) — Antenna and microphone frequency response

[0,0] (default) | real-valued row vector

Frequency response of a custom antenna or custom microphone for the frequencies defined by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter. The dimensions of Frequency responses (dB) must match the dimensions of the vector specified by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna or Custom Microphone.

Input Pattern Coordinate System — Coordinate system of custom antenna pattern

az-el (default) | phi-theta

Coordinate system of custom antenna pattern, specified az-el or phi-theta. When you specify az-el, use the Azimuth angles (deg) and Elevations angles (deg) parameters to specify the coordinates of the pattern points. When you specify phi-theta, use the Phi angles (deg) and Theta angles (deg) parameters to specify the coordinates of the pattern points.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna.

Azimuth angles (deg) — Azimuth angles of antenna radiation pattern

[-180:180] (default) | real-valued row vector

Specify the azimuth angles at which to calculate the antenna radiation pattern as a 1-by-P row vector. P must be greater than 2. Azimuth angles must lie between –180° and 180°, inclusive, and be in strictly increasing order.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

Elevation angles (deg) — Elevation angles of antenna radiation pattern

[-90:90] (default) | real-valued row vector

Specify the elevation angles at which to compute the radiation pattern as a 1-by-Q vector. Q must be greater than 2. Angle units are in degrees. Elevation angles must lie between –90° and 90°, inclusive, and be in strictly increasing order.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to az-el.

Phi Angles (deg) — Phi angle coordinates of custom antenna radiation pattern

0:360 | real-valued 1-by-P row vector

Phi angles of points at which to specify the antenna radiation pattern, specify as a real-valued 1-by-P row vector. P must be greater than 2. Angle units are in degrees. Phi angles must lie between 0° and 360° and be in strictly increasing order.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

Theta Angles (deg) — Theta angle coordinates of custom antenna radiation pattern

0:180 | real-valued 1-by-Q row vector

Theta angles of points at which to specify the antenna radiation pattern, specify as a real-valued 1-by-Q row vector. Q must be greater than 2. Angle units are in degrees. Theta angles must lie between 0° and 360° and be in strictly increasing order.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Element type parameter to Custom Antenna and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter to phi-theta.

Magnitude pattern (dB) — Magnitude of combined antenna radiation pattern

zeros(181,361) (default) | real-valued Q-by-P matrix | real-valued Q-by-P-by-L array

Magnitude of the combined antenna radiation pattern, specified as a Q-by-P matrix or a Q-by-P-by-L array.

• When the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to az-el, Q equals the length of the vector specified by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter and P equals the length of the vector specified by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter.

• When the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to phi-theta, Q equals the length of the vector specified by the Theta Angles (deg) parameter and P equals the length of the vector specified by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.

The quantity L equals the length of the Operating frequency vector (Hz).

• If this parameter is a Q-by-P matrix, the same pattern is applied to all frequencies specified in the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.

• If the value is a Q-by-P-by-L array, each Q-by-P page of the array specifies a pattern for the corresponding frequency specified in the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna.

Phase pattern (deg) — Custom antenna radiation phase pattern

zeros(181,361) (default) | real-valued Q-by-P matrix | real-valued Q-by-P-by-L array

Phase of the combined antenna radiation pattern, specified as a Q-by-P matrix or a Q-by-P-by-L array.

• When the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to az-el, Q equals the length of the vector specified by the Elevation angles (deg) parameter and P equals the length of the vector specified by the Azimuth angles (deg) parameter.

• When the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is set to phi-theta, Q equals the length of the vector specified by the Theta Angles (deg) parameter and P equals the length of the vector specified by the Phi Angles (deg) parameter.

The quantity L equals the length of the Operating frequency vector (Hz).

• If this parameter is a Q-by-P matrix, the same pattern is applied to all frequencies specified in the Operating frequency vector (Hz) parameter.

• If the value is a Q-by-P-by-L array, each Q-by-P page of the array specifies a pattern for the corresponding frequency specified in the Operating frequency vector (

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna.

MatchArrayNormal — Rotate antenna element to array normal

on (default) | off

Select this check box to rotate the antenna element pattern to align with the array normal. When not selected, the element pattern is not rotated.

When the antenna is used in an antenna array and the Input Pattern Coordinate System parameter is az-el, selecting this check box rotates the pattern so that the x-axis of the element coordinate system points along the array normal. Not selecting uses the element pattern without the rotation.

When the antenna is used in an antenna array and Input Pattern Coordinate System is set to phi-theta, selecting this check box rotates the pattern so that the z-axis of the element coordinate system points along the array normal.

Use the parameter in conjunction with the Array normal parameter of the URA and UCA arrays.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Antenna.

Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) — Polar pattern microphone response frequencies

1e3 (default) | real scalar | real-valued 1-by-L row vector

Polar pattern microphone response frequencies, specified as a real scalar, or a real-valued, 1-by-L vector. The response frequencies lie within the frequency range specified by the Operating frequency vector (Hz) vector.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type set to Custom Microphone.

Polar pattern angles (deg) — Polar pattern response angles

[-180:180] (default) | real-valued -by-P row vector

Specify the polar pattern response angles, as a 1-by-P vector. The angles are measured from the central pickup axis of the microphone and must be between –180° and 180°, inclusive.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Microphone.

Polar pattern (dB) — Custom microphone polar response

zeros(1,361) (default) | real-valued L-by-P matrix

Specify the magnitude of the custom microphone element polar patterns as an L-by-P matrix. L is the number of frequencies specified in Polar pattern frequencies (Hz). P is the number of angles specified in Polar pattern angles (deg). Each row of the matrix represents the magnitude of the polar pattern measured at the corresponding frequency specified in Polar pattern frequencies (Hz) and all angles specified in Polar pattern angles (deg). The pattern is measured in the azimuth plane. In the azimuth plane, the elevation angle is 0° and the central pickup axis is 0° degrees azimuth and 0° degrees elevation. The polar pattern is symmetric around the central axis. You can construct the microphone response pattern in 3-D space from the polar pattern.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Element type to Custom Microphone.

Array Parameters

Geometry — Array geometry

ULA (default) | URA | UCA | Conformal Array

Array geometry, specified as one of

• ULA — Uniform linear array

• URA — Uniform rectangular array

• UCA — Uniform circular array

• Conformal Array — arbitrary element positions

Number of elements — Number of array elements

2 for ULA arrays and 5 for UCA arrays (default) | integer greater than or equal to 2

The number of array elements for ULA or UCA arrays, specified as an integer greater than or equal to 2.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to ULA or UCA.

Element spacing (m) — Spacing between array elements

0.5 for ULA arrays and [0.5,0.5] for URA arrays (default) | positive scalar for ULA or URA arrays | 2-element vector of positive values for URA arrays

Spacing between adjacent array elements:

• ULA — specify the spacing between two adjacent elements in the array as a positive scalar.

• URA — specify the spacing as a positive scalar or a 1-by-2 vector of positive values. If Element spacing (m) is a scalar, the row and column spacings are equal. If Element spacing (m) is a vector, the vector has the form [SpacingBetweenArrayRows,SpacingBetweenArrayColumns].

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to ULA or URA.

Array axis — Linear axis direction of ULA

y (default) | x | z

Linear axis direction of ULA, specified as y, x, or z. All ULA array elements are uniformly spaced along this axis in the local array coordinate system.

Dependencies

• To enable this parameter, set Geometry to ULA.

• This parameter is also enabled when the block only supports ULA arrays.

Array size — Dimensions of URA array

[2,2] (default) | positive integer | 1-by-2 vector of positive integers

Dimensions of a URA array, specified as a positive integer or 1-by-2 vector of positive integers.

• If Array size is a 1-by-2 vector, the vector has the form [NumberOfArrayRows,NumberOfArrayColumns].

• If Array size is an integer, the array has the same number of elements in each row and column.

For a URA, array elements are indexed from top to bottom along the leftmost array column, and continued to the next columns from left to right. In this figure, the Array size value of [3,2] creates an array having three rows and two columns.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to URA.

Element lattice — Lattice of URA element positions

Rectangular (default) | Triangular

Lattice of URA element positions, specified as Rectangular or Triangular.

• Rectangular — Aligns all the elements in row and column directions.

• Triangular — Shifts the even-row elements of a rectangular lattice toward the positive row-axis direction. The displacement is one-half the element spacing along the row dimension.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to URA.

Array normal — Array normal direction

x for URA arrays or z for UCA arrays (default) | y

Array normal direction, specified as x, y, or z.

Elements of planar arrays lie in a plane orthogonal to the selected array normal direction. Element boresight directions point along the array normal direction.

Array Normal Parameter Value	Element Positions and Boresight Directions
x	Array elements lie in the yz-plane. All element boresight vectors point along the x-axis.
y	Array elements lie in the zx-plane. All element boresight vectors point along the y-axis.
z	Array elements lie in the xy-plane. All element boresight vectors point along the z-axis.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to URA or UCA.

Radius of UCA (m) — UCA array radius

0.5 (default) | positive scalar

Radius of UCA array, specified as a positive scalar.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to UCA.

Element positions (m) — Positions of conformal array elements

[0;0;0] (default) | 3-by-Nmatrix of real values

Positions of the elements in a conformal array, specified as a 3-by-N matrix of real values, where N is the number of elements in the conformal array. Each column of this matrix represents the position [x;y;z]of an array element in the array local coordinate system. The origin of the local coordinate system is (0,0,0). Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter set Geometry to Conformal Array.

Data Types: double

Element normals (deg) — Direction of conformal array element normal vectors

[0;0] | 2-by-1 column vector | 2-by-N matrix

Direction of element normal vectors in a conformal array, specified as a 2-by-1 column vector or a 2-by-N matrix. N indicates the number of elements in the array. If the parameter value is a matrix, each column specifies the normal direction of the corresponding element in the form [azimuth;elevation] with respect to the local coordinate system. The local coordinate system aligns the positive x-axis with the direction normal to the conformal array. If the parameter value is a 2-by-1 column vector, the same pointing direction is used for all array elements.

You can use the Element positions (m) and Element normals (deg) parameters to represent any arrangement in which pairs of elements differ by certain transformations. The transformations can combine translation, azimuth rotation, and elevation rotation. However, you cannot use transformations that require rotation about the normal direction.

To enable this parameter, set Geometry to Conformal Array.

Data Types: double

Taper — Array element tapers

1 (default) | complex scalar | complex-valued row vector

Specify element tapering as a complex-valued scalar or a complex-valued 1-by-N row vector. In this vector, N represents the number of elements in the array.

Also known as element weights, tapers multiply the array element responses. Tapers modify both amplitude and phase of the response to reduce side lobes or steer the main response axis.

If Taper is a scalar, the same weight is applied to each element. If Taper is a vector, a weight from the vector is applied to the corresponding sensor element. The number of weights must match the number of elements of the array.

Data Types: double

Motion Tab

Source of transmit array motion — Specify the source of the transmitting array motion parameters

Property (default) | Input port

Source of transmitting array motion parameters, specified as Property or Input port.

• When you select Property, specify the array location and orientation using the Position of the transmit array (m) and Orientation of the transmit array parameters. The array is stationary.

• When you select Input port, specify the array location, velocity, and orientation using the TxPos, TxVel, and TxAxes input ports of the block.

Data Types: char

Position of the transmit array (m) — Position of transmitting array

[0;0;0] (default) | real-valued 3-by-1 vector

The position of the transmitting array phase center, specified as a real-valued, 3-by-1 vector in Cartesian form [x;y;z] with respect to the global coordinate system. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Property.

Data Types: double

Orientation of the transmit array — Set the orientation of transmitting array axes

eye(3,3) (default) | real-valued 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix

The orientation of transmitting array, specified as a real-valued, 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix specifies the directions of the three axes that define the local coordinate system of the array with respect to the global coordinate system. The columns of the array correspond to the x, y, and z axes, respectively.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Source of transmit array motion parameter to Property.

Data Types: double

Source of receive array motion — Specify the source of the receiving array motion parameters

Property (default) | Input port

Source of receiving array motion parameters, specified as Property or Input port.

• When you select Property, specify the array location and orientation using the Position of the receive array (m) and Orientation of the receive array parameters. The array is stationary.

• When you select Input port, specify the array location, velocity, and orientation using the RxPos, RxVel, and RxAxes input ports of the block.

Data Types: char

Position of the receive array (m) — Position of receiving array

[physconst('LightSpeed' )/1e5; 0;0] (default) | real-valued 3-by-1 vector

The position of the receiving array phase center, specified as a real-valued, 3-by-1 vector in Cartesian form [x;y;z] with respect to the global coordinate system. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Property.

Data Types: double

Orientation of the receive array — Set the orientation of receiving array axes

eye(3,3) (default) | real-valued 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix

The orientation of receiving array, specified as a real-valued, 3-by-3 orthonormal matrix. The matrix specifies the directions of the three axes that define the local coordinate system of the array with respect to the global coordinate system. The columns of the array correspond to the x, y, and z axes, respectively.

Dependencies

To enable this parameter, set the Source of receive array motion parameter to Property.

Data Types: double

Scatterer specification — Specify source of scatterer parameters

Auto (default) | Property | Input port

The source of scatterer parameters, specified as Auto, Property, or Input port.

• When you set this parameter to Auto, all scatterer positions and coefficients are randomly generated. Scatterer velocities are zero. The generated positions are contained within the region set by the Boundary of scatterer positions parameter. Set the number of scatterers using the Number of scatterers parameter.

• When you set this property to Property, set the scatterer positions using the Positions of scatterers (m) parameter. Set the scattering coefficients using the Scattering coefficients parameter. Scatterer velocities are zero.

• When you set this parameter to Input port, you specify the scatterer positions, velocities, and scattering coefficients using the ScatPos, ScatVel, and ScatCoef block input ports.

Data Types: char

Number of scatterers — Number of scatterers

1 (default) | nonnegative integer

The number of scatterers, specified as a nonnegative integer.

Dependencies

To enable this property, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Auto.

Data Types: double

Boundary of scatterer positions — Constrain scatterer positions within a boundary

[0,1000] (default) | 1-by-2 real-valued vector | 3-by-2 real-valued matrix

The boundary scatterer positions, specified as a 1-by-2 real-valued row vector or a 3-by-2 real-valued matrix. If the boundary is a 1-by-2 row vector, the vector contains the minimum and maximum, [minbdry maxbdry], for all three dimensions. If the boundary is a 3-by-2 matrix, the matrix specifies boundaries in all three dimensions in the form [x_minbdry x_maxbdry;y_minbdry y_maxbdry; z_minbdry z_maxbdry].

Dependencies

To enable this property, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Auto.

Data Types: double

Positions of scatterers (m) — Positions of scatterers

[physconst('LightSpeed' )*5e-6;0;0] (default) | real-valued 3-by-N_s matrix

The positions of the scatterers, specified as real-valued 3-by-N_s matrix. N_s is the number of scatterers. Each column represents a different scatterer and has the Cartesian form [x;y;z] with respect to the global coordinate system. Units are in meters.

Dependencies

To enable this property, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Property.

Data Types: double

ScattererCoefficient — Scattering coefficients

1 (default) | complex-valued 1-by-N_s matrix

Scattering coefficients, specified as a complex-valued 1-by-N_s vector. N_s is the number of scatterers. Units are dimensionless.

Dependencies

To enable this property, set the Scatterer specification parameter to Property.

Data Types: double
Complex Number Support: Yes