channelDelay

Channel timing delay

Syntax

[delay,mag] = channelDelay(pathGains,pathFilters)

Description

[delay,mag] = channelDelay(pathGains,pathFilters) computes the channel timing delay by finding the peak of the channel impulse response. The function reconstructs the impulse response from a channel path gains array and a path filter impulse response matrix. The function returns the channel timing delay in samples, and the channel impulse response magnitude. For more information, see Channel Delay and Magnitude Computation.

Examples

Compute Timing Delay for 2-by-2 MIMO Channel

Configure a 2-by-2 MIMO channel. Use the info object function to retrieve the path filters.

chan = comm.MIMOChannel('SampleRate',1000,'PathDelays',[0 1.5e-3], ...
    'AveragePathGains',[1 0.8],'RandomStream','mt19937ar with seed', ...
    'Seed',10,'PathGainsOutputPort',true); 
chanInfo = info(chan);
pathFilters = chanInfo.ChannelFilterCoefficients;

Compute the path gains by passing an impulse through the channel.

[~,pathGains] = chan(ones(1,2));

Compute the channel timing delay, specifying the retrieved path filters and computed path gains.

delay = channelDelay(pathGains,pathFilters)

delay = 6

Show Relative Timing Delay For Rayleigh Channel

Compute and show the relative timing delay for a Rayleigh channel over time.

Create a comm.RayleighChannel System object™ configured with three paths and impulse response visualization enabled.

chan = comm.RayleighChannel;
chan.SampleRate = 1e3;
chan.PathDelays = [0 5.3e-3 10.1e-3];
chan.AveragePathGains = [0.1 1 0.5];
chan.PathGainsOutputPort = true;
chan.RandomStream = 'mt19937ar with seed';
chan.Seed = 1;
chan.Visualization = 'Impulse response';
chan.MaximumDopplerShift = 1;

Use the info object function to retrieve the Rayleigh channel path filters. In a loop, pass a static signal of all ones through the Rayleigh channel. The channelDelay function uses the channel path gains array from each pass through the channel and the path filter coefficients, chanInfo.ChannelFilterCoefficients (returned by the info function) to compute the relative channel timing delay. The impulse response varies for each iteration. The impulse response for the last iteration is shown here. The delay vector shows the relative channel timing delay computed for each iteration.

chanInfo = info(chan);
numIter = 12;
delay = zeros(1,numIter);
for p=1:numIter
    [~,pg] = chan(ones(1e3,1));
    delay(p) = channelDelay(pg,chanInfo.ChannelFilterCoefficients);
end

delay

delay = 1×12

    12     7    12     2    12     7    12     7     7     7     2     2

Input Arguments

pathGains — Channel path gains

4-D array

Channel path gains, specified as an N_cs-by-N_p-by-N_t-by-N_r array, where:

• N_cs is the number of channel snapshots.

• N_p is the number of paths.

• N_t is the number of transmit antennas.

• N_r is the number of receive antennas.

If any element in pathGains is NaN, the function assumes that no path exists between the transmitter and the receiver.

Data Types: double | single
Complex Number Support: Yes

pathFilters — Path filter impulse response

matrix

Path filter impulse response, specified as an N_p-by-N_h matrix. N_p is the number of paths, and N_h is the number of impulse response samples.

Data Types: double | single
Complex Number Support: Yes

Output Arguments

delay — Channel timing delay

integer

Channel timing delay in samples, returned as an integer. This value represents the number of samples of delay relative to the first sample of the channel impulse response reconstructed from the pathGains and pathFilters inputs. The function computes the channel timing delay by finding the peak of the composite channel impulse response. For more information, see Channel Delay and Magnitude Computation.

mag — Channel impulse response magnitude

matrix

Channel impulse response magnitude for each receive antenna, returned as an N_h-by-N_r matrix. N_h is the number of impulse response samples, and N_r is the number of receive antennas. For more information, see Channel Delay and Magnitude Computation.

More About

Channel Delay and Magnitude Computation

The computation of the channel delay and impulse response magnitudes uses the composite channel impulse response.

The composite channel impulse response results from averaging the impulse response across all channel snapshots as represented in the path gains array. The input path gains array must be of the format N_cs-by-N_p-by-N_t-by-N_r , where:

• N_cs is the number of channel snapshots.

• N_p is the number of paths.

• N_t is the number of transmit antennas.

• N_r is the number of receive antennas.

The channel timing delay, output as a single value, is relative to the first sample of the channel impulse response. The function computes this value by finding the peak of the composite channel impulse response. The composite channel impulse response is the summation of the impulse responses across all transmit and receive antennas.

The receive impulse response magnitudes are output as an N_h-by-N_r matrix. N_h is the number of impulse response samples, and N_r is the number of receive antennas. To compute the receive impulse response magnitudes,

1. Path gains are summed across all channel snapshots.

2. The contribution from each path is added to the channel impulse response across all transmit and receive antennas.

3. The transmit antenna paths are combined in the channel impulse response array, leaving a matrix of impulse response samples versus receive antennas.

Extended Capabilities

C/C++ Code Generation
Generate C and C++ code using MATLAB® Coder™.

Version History

Introduced in R2020a