contour3m

Project 3-D contour plot of map data

Syntax

contour3m(Z,R)

contour3m(lat,lon,Z)

contour3m(___,levels)

contour3m(___,LineSpec)

contour3m(___,Name,Value)

C = contour3m(___)

[C,h] = contour3m(___)

Description

contour3m(Z,R) creates a 3-D contour plot of the regular data grid Z that is spatially referenced by the geographic raster reference object R. The function displays the lines for each contour level in the axes at the z-coordinate equal to the value of the contour level.

contour3m(lat,lon,Z) creates a 3-D contour plot of the geolocated data grid Z that is referenced to the latitude-longitude coordinates contained in lat and lon.

contour3m(___,levels) specifies the contour lines to display, in addition to any combination of arguments from the previous syntaxes.

contour3m(___,LineSpec) specifies the style and color of the contour lines.

contour3m(___,Name,Value) specifies additional options for the contour plot using one or more name-value arguments.

C = contour3m(___) returns the contour matrix C, which contains the latitude and longitude coordinates of the vertices at each level.

[C,h] = contour3m(___) returns the contour matrix and the contour patches h.

Examples

Create 3-D Contour Plot

Display sample map data as a surface on a map. Then, display 3-D contours of the sample data on the same map.

R = georefpostings([10 50],[60 100],[100 100]);
Z = geopeaks(R);

figure
axesm miller
axis off

geoshow(Z,R,"DisplayType","surface")
contour3m(Z,R,"k")

Exaggerate the z-axis of the axes. Then, view the map in 3-D.

daspect([1 1 5])
view(3)

Specify Number of Contour Levels

Read geoid heights from the Earth Gravitational Model of 1996 (EGM96) into the workspace. Display the data as a surface on a map. Then, display contours at 40 levels of Z.

[Z,R] = egm96geoid;

figure
axesm miller
axis off

geoshow(Z,R,"DisplayType","surface")
contour3m(Z,R,40,"k")

Exaggerate the z-axis of the axes. Then, view the map in 3-D.

daspect([1 1 50])
view(3)

Specify Spacing Between Contour Lines

Load global elevation and bathymetry data. Crop the data to include an area around South Asia.

load topo60c
latlim = [0 50];
lonlim = [35 115];
[Z,R] = geocrop(topo60c,topo60cR,latlim,lonlim);

Display the data as a surface, using a colormap appropriate for elevation data. Then, create a 3-D contour plot on top of the surface. Display contour lines at increments of 500 meters.

figure
axesm("lambertstd","MapLatLimit",latlim,"MapLonLimit",lonlim)
axis off
tightmap

geoshow(Z,R,"DisplayType","surface")
demcmap(Z)
contour3m(Z,R,"k","LevelStep",500)

Exaggerate the z-axis of the axes. Then, view the map in 3-D.

daspect([1 1 40000])
view(3)

Input Arguments

Z — Regular or geolocated data grid

M-by-N matrix

Regular or geolocated data grid, specified as an M-by-N matrix.

The contour3m function does not display contour lines for elements of Z that have values of NaN.

R — Spatial reference

GeographicCellsReference object | GeographicPostingsReference object

Spatial reference for Z, specified as a GeographicCellsReference or GeographicPostingsReference object. The RasterSize property of R must be consistent with size(Z).

lat — Latitude coordinates

M-by-N matrix | M-element vector

Latitude coordinates, specified as an M-by-N matrix or an M-element vector.

This argument does not support NaN values. To indicate missing data, set the corresponding element of Z to a value of NaN, instead.

lon — Longitude coordinates

M-by-N matrix | M-element vector

Longitude coordinates, specified as an M-by-N matrix or an M-element vector.

This argument does not support NaN values. To indicate missing data, set the corresponding element of Z to a value of NaN, instead.

levels — Contour levels

positive integer | numeric vector

Contour levels, specified as a positive integer or a numeric vector.

• To display contour lines at n automatically chosen levels, specify this argument as n. The function chooses levels based on the values in Z.

• To display contour lines at specific levels, specify this argument as a vector of increasing values.

• To display contour lines at a single level, k, specify this argument as a two-element row vector [k k].

LineSpec — Line style and color

character vector | string scalar

Line style and color, specified as a character vector or string scalar containing characters and symbols. The characters and symbols can appear in any order. You can specify the line style, line color, or both. Marker symbols such as 'o' are ignored.

Example: '--g' is a green dashed line.

Line Style	Description	Resulting Line
"-"	Solid line
"--"	Dashed line
":"	Dotted line
"-."	Dash-dotted line

Color Name	Short Name	Appearance
'red'	'r'
'green'	'g'
'blue'	'b'
'cyan'	'c'
'magenta'	'm'
'yellow'	'y'
'black'	'k'
'white'	'w'

Name-Value Arguments

Specify optional pairs of arguments as Name1=Value1,...,NameN=ValueN, where Name is the argument name and Value is the corresponding value. Name-value arguments must appear after other arguments, but the order of the pairs does not matter.

Example: contour3m(Z,R,ShowText="on") displays the contour line labels.

Before R2021a, use commas to separate each name and value, and enclose Name in quotes.

Example: contour3m(Z,R,"ShowText","on") displays the contour line labels.

Note

In addition to the name-value arguments in this section, you can use name-value arguments to specify values for the HandleVisibility, Parent, Tag, UserData, and Visible properties of the Group object returned by this function. For more information about these group object properties, see Group Properties.

Fill — Fill between contour lines

"off" (default) | "on"

Fill between the contour lines, specified as one of these values:

• "off" — Do not fill the spaces between contour lines with a color.

• "on" — Fill the spaces between contour lines with color.

LabelSpacing — Label spacing

144 (default) | scalar

Label spacing along the contour lines, specified as a scalar value in points, where one point is 1/72 inch. Use this property to control the number of contour labels along the contour lines. Smaller values produce more labels.

You must specify ShowText as "on" for LabelSpacing to have an effect.

If the length of a contour line is less than LabelSpacing, then the function displays one label on the line.

LevelList — Contour levels

row vector of increasing values in Z

Contour levels, specified as a row vector of increasing values in Z. By default, the contour3m function chooses values that span the range of values in Z.

LevelStep — Spacing between contour lines

positive scalar

Spacing between the contour lines, specified as a positive scalar. For example, specify a value of 2 to display contour lines at increments of 2. By default, the contour3m function determines the spacing based on the values in Z. If you specify both levels and LevelStep, then the function ignores LevelStep.

LineColor — Color of contour lines

"flat" (default) | RGB triplet | "r" | "g" | "b" | "none" | ...

Color of the contour lines, specified as "flat", a color name, a short name, an RGB triplet, or "none". The default value of "flat" selects a distinct color for lines at each contour level from the colormap of the figure in which the contours are drawn. The value "none" applies no color to the lines.

For a custom color, specify an RGB triplet. An RGB triplet is a three-element row vector whose elements specify the intensities of the red, green, and blue components of the color. The intensities must be in the range [0,1]; for example, [0.4 0.6 0.7].

Alternatively, you can specify some common colors by name. This table lists the named color options and equivalent RGB triplets.

Color Name	Short Name	RGB Triplet	Appearance
"red"	"r"	[1 0 0]
"green"	"g"	[0 1 0]
"blue"	"b"	[0 0 1]
"cyan"	"c"	[0 1 1]
"magenta"	"m"	[1 0 1]
"yellow"	"y"	[1 1 0]
"black"	"k"	[0 0 0]
"white"	"w"	[1 1 1]

LineStyle — Line style

"-" (default) | "--" | ":" | "-." | "none"

Line style, specified as one of the options listed in this table.

Line Style	Description	Resulting Line
"-"	Solid line
"--"	Dashed line
":"	Dotted line
"-."	Dash-dotted line
"none"	No line	No line

LineWidth — Line width

0.5 (default) | positive scalar

Contour line width, specified as a positive scalar in points. One point equals 1/72 inch.

ShowText — Contour line labels

"off" (default) | "on"

Contour line labels, specified as one of these values:

• "on" — Display the contour level along the contour lines.

• "off" — Do not label the contour lines.

Output Arguments

C — Contour matrix

matrix with two rows

Contour matrix, returned as a matrix with two rows. This argument contains the data that defines the contour lines. The first row of the matrix contains longitude data and the second row of the matrix contains latitude data.

h — Contour patches

Group object

Contour patches, returned as a Group object.

Tips

• When you use the contour3m function with an axesm-based map that contains a globe map frame, the contour3m function issues a warning.

• The contour3m function behaves the same as the contourm function, except the contour3m function displays the lines for each contour level at the z-coordinate equal to the value of the level.

Version History

Introduced before R2006a

R2024b: contour3m does not accept referencing vectors or referencing matrices as input

The contour3m function does not accept referencing vectors or referencing matrices as input. Use a geographic raster reference object, specified as a GeographicCellsReference or GeographicPostingsReference object, as input instead. Reference objects have several advantages over referencing vectors and referencing matrices.

• Unlike referencing vectors and referencing matrices, reference objects have properties that document the size of the associated raster, its geographic limits, and the direction of its rows and columns.

• You can manipulate the limits of geographic rasters associated with reference objects using the geocrop function.

• You can manipulate the size and resolution of geographic rasters associated with reference objects using the georesize function.

To update your code, create a geographic reference object.

• Create a geographic reference object for a raster of cells by using the georefcells function.

• Create a geographic reference object for a raster of regularly posted samples by using the georefpostings function.

• Convert from a referencing vector to a geographic reference object by using the refvecToGeoRasterReference function.

• Convert from a referencing matrix to a geographic reference object by using the refmatToGeoRasterReference function.

Once you have created a reference object, replace uses of the referencing vector or referencing matrix in your code with the reference object.

R2023b: contour3m will not accept referencing vectors or referencing matrices as input

When you specify a referencing vector or referencing matrix as input, the contour3m function issues a warning that it will not accept referencing vectors or referencing matrices as input in a future release.