Upon further investigation of the requirements, I possibly have to resort to using classes to house the variables. The reason behind this is that some variables are indirectly set. Scripts are used to compute their value. This means that it would make sense to use getter/setter functions. Classes reduce the amount of work required to implement this change, since they also create automatically generated setters/getters. This has the result that only those that require a function to be set need to be written.
Another problem might be the access/registration of the instantiation of the class. Through the use of variants, each referenced model would have its own instance of the class.
Is there literature that discusses Matlab relevant system architecture problems as the one stated above. It seems to me that the answer to the question might be beyond the scope of a forum answer.
Kind Regards, Moritz Ulmer