Why am i getting this error>>>Index exceeds the number of array elements (1). Error in Boom (line 38) Y(t) = X_best_so_far(t-1); % Use X_best_so_far value for the

clear all

clc

%%%%%%% INITILIZATION PHASE STARTS %%%%%%%

N = 4; % From the paper

Xmin = -10; % Lower limit of search space

Xmax = 10; % Upper limit of search space

T = 1000; % Maximum number of iterations

% Generate random initial values for Y(0), Y(t-1), Y(t-2), and Y(t-3)

Y = zeros(1, N); % Initialize array for Y

for i = 1:N

Y(i) = Xmin + (Xmax - Xmin) * rand(); % Generate,Y(0), Y(t-1), Y(t-2), Y(t-3) randomly within limit

end

% Display initial values

fprintf('Y(0) = %f\n', Y(1));

for i = 2:N

fprintf('Y(t-%d) = %f\n', i, Y(i));

end

X_best_so_far = min(Y(1:N)); % Assign the measurement as X_best_so_far

fprintf('Initial X_best_so_far(min of 4 (Y)): %f\n', X_best_so_far)

%%%%%%% INITIALIZATION PHASE ENDS %%%%%%%

%%%%%%% MEASUREMENT PHASE STARTS %%%%%%%

X_best_so_far = X_best_so_far(1); % Initialize X_best_so_far as a scalar

x = rand(1, 4);

for t = 2:T

for d = 1:N

if x(d) > 0.5 % Check if the dimension is selected for mutation

delta = (exp(-10 * t / T) * ((Xmax - Xmin)) / 2); % Compute the radius of the local neighborhood, delta

Y(t) = X_best_so_far(t-1) + (-delta) + rand() * (delta - (-delta)); % Compute measurement value using equation (8)

else

Y(t) = X_best_so_far(t-1); % Use X_best_so_far value for the dimension as the measurement value, equation (10)

end

end

end

fprintf('Measurement X_best_so_far: %f\n', Y(end));

%%%%%%% MEASUREMENT PHASE ENDS %%%%%%%

%%%%%%% ESTIMATION PHASE STARTS %%%%%%%

X = zeros(1, T);

for k = 2:N

% Generate initial estimation X(k) at k > 1

if Y(t - N + 1) < Y(t - N + 2)

X(2) = Y(t - N + 1) + (Y(t - N + 2) - Y(t - N + 1)) * rand();

else

X(2) = Y(t - N + 2) + (Y(t - N + 1) - Y(t - N + 2)) * rand();

end

end

for k = 3:N

% Iteration of estimation: as in (11) and (12)

X(k) = X(k - 1) + (1/k) * (Y(t - N + k) - X(k - 1));

% Update X_bar_prev for the next iteration

X(k) = X(t);

end

% Display X(k) estimation

fprintf('Estimation X = %f\n', X(end));

%%%%%%% ESTIMATION PHASE ENDS %%%%%%%

%%%%%%% FITNESS EVALUATION AND X_best_so_far UPDATE PHASE STARTS %%%%%%%

% Define fitness evaluation function

fitness = @(x) sum((x - 1).^2);

% Initialize variables for storing agent fitness and best fitness

agent_fitness = zeros(1, T);

best_fitness = zeros(1, T);

for t = 1:T

% Evaluate fitness for agent

agent_fitness(t) = fitness(X(k));

% Evaluate fitness for X_best_so_far

best_fitness(t) = fitness(X_best_so_far);

% Update X_best_so_far if a better solution is found

if agent_fitness(t) < best_fitness(t)

X_best_so_far = X(t);

end

end

% Display agent fitness and best fitness

fprintf('Final Best Fitness = %f\n', best_fitness(end));

fprintf('Final Best X So Far = %f\n', X_best_so_far);

%%%%%%% FITNESS EVALUATION AND X_best_so_far UPDATE PHASE ENDS %%%%%%%

Answer 1

[Torsten]

As you correctly write in your code, the line

X_best_so_far = X_best_so_far(1); % Initialize X_best_so_far as a scalar

sets X_best_so_far to a scalar.

Thus in the following loop,

X_best_so_far(t-1)

does not exist.

[JESHURUN AUGUSTINE]

X_best_so_far(t-1), is needed in the equation as I am following a thesis paper to optimize a function using SAFIRO algorithm. How do I fix this?

Link to the thesis paper:

https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/abstract/document/8267497